2to3

all

Automated Python 2 to 3 code conversion. Note: This module was deprecated in 3.11 and removed in 3.13. For reference, see: <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/8d42e2d915c3096e7eac1c649751d1da567bb7c3/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst?plain=1#L188>.

More info →

Options (8)

-w, --writeboolean

Convert a Python 2 file to Python 3

Example: 2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}}

-f, --fixboolean

Convert specific Python 2 language features to Python 3

Example: 2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}} {{[-f|--fix]}} {{raw_input}} {{[-f|--fix]}} {{print}}

-x, --nofixboolean

Convert all Python 2 language features except the specified ones to Python 3

Example: 2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}} {{[-x|--nofix]}} {{has_key}} {{[-x|--nofix]}} {{isinstance}}

-l, --list-fixesboolean

List all available language features that can be converted from Python 2 to Python 3

Example: 2to3 {{[-l|--list-fixes]}}

-o, --output-dirboolean

Convert all Python 2 files in a directory to Python 3

Example:

2to3 {{[-o|--output-dir]}} {{path/to/python3_directory}} {{[-W|--write-unchanged-files]}} {{[-n|--nobackups]}} {{path/to/python2_directory}}

-W, --write-unchanged-filesboolean

Convert all Python 2 files in a directory to Python 3

Example:

2to3 {{[-o|--output-dir]}} {{path/to/python3_directory}} {{[-W|--write-unchanged-files]}} {{[-n|--nobackups]}} {{path/to/python2_directory}}

-n, --nobackupsboolean

Convert all Python 2 files in a directory to Python 3

Example:

2to3 {{[-o|--output-dir]}} {{path/to/python3_directory}} {{[-W|--write-unchanged-files]}} {{[-n|--nobackups]}} {{path/to/python2_directory}}

-j, --processesboolean

Run 2to3 with multiple threads

Example:

2to3 {{[-j|--processes]}} {{4}} {{[-o|--output-dir]}} {{path/to/python3_directory}} {{[-w|--write]}} {{[-n|--nobackups]}} --no-diffs {{path/to/python2_directory}}

Examples (7)

Display the changes that would be performed without performing them (dry-run)

2to3 path/to/file.py

Convert a Python 2 file to Python 3

2to3 [-w|--write] path/to/file.py

Convert specific Python 2 language features to Python 3

2to3 [-w|--write] path/to/file.py [-f|--fix] raw_input [-f|--fix] print

Convert all Python 2 language features except the specified ones to Python 3

2to3 [-w|--write] path/to/file.py [-x|--nofix] has_key [-x|--nofix] isinstance

List all available language features that can be converted from Python 2 to Python 3

2to3 [-l|--list-fixes]

Convert all Python 2 files in a directory to Python 3

2to3 [-o|--output-dir] path/to/python3_directory [-W|--write-unchanged-files] [-n|--nobackups] path/to/python2_directory

Run 2to3 with multiple threads

2to3 [-j|--processes] 4 [-o|--output-dir] path/to/python3_directory [-w|--write] [-n|--nobackups] --no-diffs path/to/python2_directory

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