<

all

Redirect data to `stdin`.

More info →

Examples (8)

Redirect a file to `stdin` (achieves the same effect as `cat file.txt |`)

command < path/to/file.txt

Create a here document and pass that into `stdin` (requires a multiline command)

command << EOF <Enter> multiline_text <Enter> EOF

Create a here string and pass that into `stdin` (achieves the same effect as `echo string |`)

command <<< string

Process data from a file and write the output to another file

command < path/to/file.txt > path/to/file2.txt

Write a here document into a file

cat << EOF > path/to/file.txt <Enter> multiline_data <Enter> EOF

Disregard leading tabs (good for scripts with indentation but does not work for spaces)

cat <<- EOF > path/to/file.txt <Enter> multiline_data <Enter> EOF

Pass command output to a program as a file descriptor (Note: unlike the rest of these, this replaces the argument in-place with a file path like `/dev/fd/63`)

diff <(command1) <(command2)

Open a persistent file descriptor

exec 3<path/to/file

made by @shridhargupta | data from tldr-pages